{"id":8920,"date":"2023-07-26T11:58:42","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T15:58:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mcc2022.wpengine.com\/?post_type=objectives&#038;p=8920"},"modified":"2024-01-17T12:16:14","modified_gmt":"2024-01-17T17:16:14","slug":"dysphagie","status":"publish","type":"objectives","link":"https:\/\/mcc.ca\/fr\/objectifs\/expert-medical\/dysphagie\/","title":{"rendered":"Dysphagie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explication<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La dysphagie, ou difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 avaler, doit \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un signe clair d\u2019une pathologie organique potentiellement s\u00e9rieuse. Elle justifie donc une \u00e9valuation attentive et compl\u00e8te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tiologie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>(liste non exhaustive)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:ordered\">\n<li>Dysphagie oropharyng\u00e9e\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>D\u2019origine structurelle\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:ordered\">\n<li>Abc\u00e8s p\u00e9riamygdalien<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pharyngite<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tumeur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diverticule de Zenker<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u2019origine neuromusculaire\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:ordered\">\n<li>Syst\u00e8me nerveux central (p.&nbsp;ex. accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nerfs cr\u00e2niens (p.&nbsp;ex. scl\u00e9rose lat\u00e9rale amyotrophique)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Myopathies syst\u00e9miques (p.&nbsp;ex. dermatomyosite)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e9rostomie<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dysphagie \u0153sophagienne\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>Obstruction m\u00e9canique\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:ordered\">\n<li>Intrins\u00e8que\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>Obstruction intermittente (p.&nbsp;ex. anneau \u0153sophagien inf\u00e9rieur, diaphragme muqueux)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obstruction progressive (p.&nbsp;ex. carcinome, st\u00e9nose peptique)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Corps \u00e9tranger<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0152sophagite \u00e0 \u00e9osinophiles<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extrins\u00e8que (p.&nbsp;ex. masse m\u00e9diastinale)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trouble neuromusculaire\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>Intermittent (p.&nbsp;ex. spasme \u0153sophagien diffus)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Progressif (p.&nbsp;ex. scl\u00e9rodermie, achalasie)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objectifs principaux<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans le cas d\u2019un patient pr\u00e9sentant une dysphagie, le candidat devra distinguer les causes oropharyng\u00e9es des causes \u0153sophagiennes et \u00e9tablir un plan de prise en charge fond\u00e9 sur la cause sous-jacente de la maladie et la gravit\u00e9 des sympt\u00f4mes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans le cas d\u2019un patient pr\u00e9sentant une dysphagie, le candidat devra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:ordered\">\n<li>recenser et interpr\u00e9ter les constatations cliniques cruciales, notamment&nbsp;:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>la d\u00e9termination, en partant de l\u2019anamn\u00e8se, \u00e0 savoir s\u2019il s\u2019agit vraisemblablement d\u2019une dysphagie oropharyng\u00e9e ou encore d\u2019une dysphagie \u0153sophagienne basse ou haute;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l\u2019identification des caract\u00e9ristiques d\u2019une dysphagie \u0153sophagienne \u00e9voquant des troubles sous-jacents pr\u00e9cis;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la d\u00e9termination du risque de complications;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>recenser et interpr\u00e9ter les examens essentiels, notamment la d\u00e9termination \u00e0 savoir si des examens sp\u00e9cifiques s\u2019av\u00e8rent n\u00e9cessaires (p.&nbsp;ex. gorg\u00e9e baryt\u00e9e, endoscopie);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00e9tablir un plan efficace de prise en charge initiale, notamment&nbsp;:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>d\u00e9terminer si le patient a besoin de soins sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>anticiper les complications \u00e0 court, \u00e0 moyen et \u00e0 long terme (p.\u00a0ex. aspiration).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explication La dysphagie, ou difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 avaler, doit \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un signe clair d\u2019une pathologie organique potentiellement s\u00e9rieuse. Elle justifie donc une \u00e9valuation attentive et compl\u00e8te. \u00c9tiologie (liste non exhaustive) Objectifs principaux Dans le cas d\u2019un patient pr\u00e9sentant une dysphagie, le candidat devra distinguer les causes oropharyng\u00e9es des causes \u0153sophagiennes et \u00e9tablir un plan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":122,"template":"","format":"standard","class_list":["post-8920","objectives","type-objectives","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"acf":{"legacy_id":"26","version":"mars 2023"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcc.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/objectives\/8920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcc.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/objectives"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcc.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/objectives"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcc.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}